In the Name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Aria Specialized and Subspecialty Hospital
Self-Care Pamphlet in Illness:
Inguinal Hernia
Men Surgery Ward
Literally, hernia means opening, and in terms of definition, it means the protrusion of part of the intra-abdominal viscera (usually the intestines) from beyond the abdominal wall. Hernia may occur in any part of the abdominal wall, but it occurs mostly in the groin area.
Hernia may also be congenital at birth.
* What people suffer from hernia?
Inguinal hernia may occur in any person, from infants to the elderly. The following factors increase the risk of developing a hernia.
· Chronic cough, like smokers
· Obesity
· Pressure during defecation or urination
· Pregnancy
· Sneezing a lot and repeatedly
· Lifting heavy objects
* Causes of hernia:
As mentioned, hernia may have a congenital background. In this case, hernia commonly appears in childhood or youth and may also have an acquired aspect. Hernia is caused due to weakening of the abdominal wall muscles or aging or due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Severe coughing, heavy work, urinary tract obstruction, and chronic constipation may cause a hernia.
* Hernia symptoms:
Inguinal hernia usually occurs as a bulge in the groin area. This protrusion usually increases in standing position and shrinks or becomes smaller in lying position.
Patients gradually realize that they can return the protrusion to its place by applying pressure. This bulge becomes more prominent with coughing, straining and lifting heavy weights. As the people age, the bulge increases. The passage of time may cause the bulge to become much larger and not go away.
Another symptom of inguinal hernia is pain. The pain is ordinarily mild and vague and becomes more severe when standing, defecating, urinating, or lifting a heavy object.
* Treatment:
Whenever a lump appears in the groin area, the patient should see a surgeon. If the hernia is confirmed, the only treatment is surgery. With surgery, the weakened layers of the abdominal wall are strengthened and the patient’s problem is solved. The earlier the hernia is operated, the better the result. The application of a truss is not recommended at all because it makes the operation more difficult and enhances the probability of recurrence after surgery.
* Complications:
In the case of inguinal hernia, the viscera inside the abdomen may be involved and not go away. In this case, there is a possibility of intestinal obstruction and blackening.
Is inguinal hernia surgery possible only with general anesthesia?
Inguinal hernia surgery is carried out via general anesthesia of the lower body parts by injecting anesthetic in the back.
Before the operation, the patient is examined by an anesthesiologist.
* Post-Operative Care:
· Not using food until the doctor informs.
· Starting to walk after the operation depends on the opinion of the doctor and the type of anesthesia in different people.
· If there is pain, nausea, vomiting and any abnormal symptoms, inform your nurse.
· Receiving prescriptions and summary of the case before being discharged and using the drugs given by the doctor
· Bathing and changing the dressing after the operation depends on the opinion of the attending physician.
· Activity at home is limited to light activities in the first two weeks. It is recommended to avoid long-term sleeping. Depending on the type of hernia and the doctor’s diagnosis, avoid doing heavy work for several months.
· The day after the surgery, have soft foods and more liquids, then if there are no problems, start eating normal food.
· Do not drive for six weeks after the operation.
· To remove the stitches, see your doctor 8 to 10 days after the operation.
* Preparation before surgery:
· See a doctor and get admission
· Shave the hair of the operation area a few hours before the operation from the navel to the groin area, which is better not to be done with a razor.
· Bathing after shaving extra hair
· Not having breakfast at least 8 hours before the operation
· Stop taking aspirin 7 to 10 days before surgery
· Examination by anesthesiologist
· Inform your doctor about the history of heart diseases, hereditary diseases and the drugs you are taking
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